Arteries Of Gutteral Pouh

Unlike empyema pus does not build up in the guttural pouches and many of these horses can appear quite normal until quite suddenly either hemorrhage or cranial nerve damage becomes apparent.

Arteries of gutteral pouh.

Aspergillus fumigatusis the most common isolate identified in cases of guttural pouch mycosis. On the walls of the guttural pouch look for internal and external carotid arteries and cranial nerves 9 and 12. It is caused by a fungus that infects the lining of the guttural pouch usually on the roof of the guttural pouch. This area overlies the back of the throat and the larynx and is a complicated mixture of lymph nodes not shown below salivary.

The most common fungal organism associated with guttural pouch mycosis is aspergillus spp see aspergillosis. Recently investigators determined that the equine guttural pouches function during selective brain cooling to maintain blood carried by the internal carotid arteries at a temperature below the core body temperature during hyperthermia induced by exercise. The external carotid artery f and maxillary artery g are in the lateral pouch. Mycotic plaques in the guttural pouch are typically located on the caudodorsal aspect of the medial guttural pouch over the internal carotid artery.

The three largest arteries supplying blood to the head the internal carotid the external carotid and the maxillary arteries all course through the guttural pouch. The internal carotid artery d with the hypoglossal and glossopharyngeal nerves e are seen in the medial compartment. The infection can cause some deep damage to the arteries and nerves. Guttural pouch mycosis gpm is a fungal disease that is rare but potentially life threatening.

Endoscopic view of the nasopharynx with a catheter holing open the opening to the guttural pouch. The extracranial portion of the internal carotid artery travels through the medial compartment of. Gpm is of unknown pathogenesis currently and no predisposing factors have been identified. Note the ossified rostral ventral part of the thyroid cartilage and the thyroid notch caudal to it.

The stylohyoid bone a divides the guttural pouch into medial b and lateral c compartments. Parotid region viborg s triangle carotid artery and guttural pouch of the horse the area where a horse s head joins the neck just behind the line of the jaw is called the parotid area or viborg s triangle. Finally the internal carotid artery lies within the caudal wall of the medial compartment while the external carotid artery and maxillary artery are located within the lateral compartment of the guttural pouch. Identify the laryngeal cartilages vocal folds and the laryngeal ventricles.

Clinical signs arise from damage to the cranial nerves and the arteries within the mucosal lining of the guttural pouch. Fungal plaque is usually located in the medial guttural pouch near the internal carotid artery. The role played by the guttural pouches in the horse is still incompletely known but major advancements have been made by the works of baptiste and coworkers suggesting a major role of the guttural pouch in a brain cooling mechanism 8 9.